Amphetamines

Substituted α-methylphenethylamines. They are substrates at the monoamine transporters rather than simple blockers — carried inside and reversing the pump, so the transporter releases rather than recaptures, which is the mechanistic difference from the phenidates and cocaine. The rest follows from what is hung on the ring and which enantiomer is present: dextroamphetamine and levmetamfetamine differ in effect entirely; lisdexamfetamine, fenethylline and selegiline do nothing until metabolised; ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and cathine sit at the weaker, more peripheral end.

Ring substitution can also move a compound out of the family's usual behaviour — 4-MTA releases serotonin and inhibits monoamine oxidase, a combination that has killed people who treated it as an amphetamine. Methylenedioxy amphetamines are filed under Entactogens and the DOx series under Psychedelics. Class harms: cardiovascular strain, hyperthermia, psychosis with sustained heavy use, hypertensive crisis with MAOIs.