Yehiel Gaoni
Yehiel Gaoni was an Israeli organic chemist who spent close to forty years in the Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science at the Weizmann Institute, after a doctorate at the Sorbonne in 1958 and a postdoc at the University of Chicago. From 1962 he worked with Raphael Mechoulam on the chemistry of hashish; their 1964 paper reported the isolation and structure of Δ9-THC, and the 1965 paper its total synthesis. He was co-author on the identification of several other plant cannabinoids, including cannabigerol and cannabichromene and the cannabinoid acids. His later work was unrelated to cannabis, largely on bicyclobutanes, sulfolenes and 1-aminocyclobutanecarboxylic acid derivatives; he became a full professor in 1988 and retired in the 1990s.
Compounds
5 credited across 1 class · 5 with a page here
- Phytocannabinoids
- CBG (Cannabigerol) C21H32O2 isolated it, 1964 source
Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R, 'The structure and synthesis of cannabigerol, a new hashish constituent', Proc. Chem. Soc. 1964:82 — first report of the compound, with a synthesis in the same paper.
- THC (Δ9-THC) C21H30O2 isolated it, 1964 source
Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R, 'Isolation, structure and partial synthesis of an active constituent of hashish', J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86:1646 (1964) — the first isolation of pure Δ9-THC from the plant with its structure. The hashish was supplied by the Israeli police. Roger Adams had made Δ9- and Δ8-THC from cannabidiol in 1942, but not isolated the natural product.
- CBDA C22H30O4 isolated it, 1965 source
Mechoulam R, Gaoni Y, 'Hashish IV: the isolation and structure of cannabinolic, cannabidiolic and cannabigerolic acids', Tetrahedron 21:1223 (1965). The same paper covers cannabinolic and cannabigerolic acid, which have no area on this site.
- THC (Δ9-THC) C21H30O2 first synthesis, 1965 source
Total synthesis of dl-Δ1-THC, Mechoulam R & Gaoni Y, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87:3273 (1965). A stereospecific synthesis of the (−)-enantiomers followed in 1967.
- CBC (Cannabichromene) C21H30O2 isolated it, 1966 source
Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R, 'Cannabichromene, a new active principle in hashish', Chem. Commun. 1966:20. Claussen et al. reported the same compound independently in 1966, so the credit is shared. Gaoni was also a co-author on the total synthesis of dl-cannabichromene (JACS, 1968).
Reading
- A total synthesis of dl-Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol, the active constituent of hashish (JACS, 1965) · paper
- The isolation and structure of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol and other neutral cannabinoids from hashish (JACS, 1971) · paper
- Constituents of Cannabis sativa (ElSohly & Gul, in Pertwee ed., Handbook of Cannabis) — chapter tracing which cannabinoid was first reported by whom and when · paper
- Yehiel Gaoni (Wikidata, dates sourced from Hebrew Wikipedia) · archive